Use of Derivatives by Australian Property Funds

Author/s: Chyi Lin Lee

Date Published: 1/01/2010

Published in: Volume 16 - 2010 Issue 2 (pages 151 - 170)

Abstract

Property derivatives as a financial tool have gained increasing attention by practitioners in recent years. However, there is relatively little evidence on the patterns of use and the property funds ‘ attitudes with respect to derivatives. Therefore, this study seeks to address this shortfall and aims to examine the application of derivatives by Australian property funds. A survey of Australian property fund managers was undertaken. The results show that different types of property funds have exhibited various patterns regarding the use of derivatives. The results also reveal that large property funds are more likely to use derivatives. The motivation factors (namely to reduce cash flows volatility and hedging currency risk) and risk factors (development of internal control and complicated accounting procedures) for using derivatives have also been identified. In addition, significant differences are found between the perceptions of derivative users and non-users. The findings have offered some insights into the knowledge base of property investors towards derivatives.

Download Full Article

Download the Full Article PDF

14445921.2010.11104299.pdf 14445921.2010.11104299.pdf (317kB)

Keywords

Australia - Derivatives - Motivation Factors - Property Funds - Risk Factors

References

  • ASX (2009a) Monthly SFE Trading Report for July 2009. Sydney, Australian Securities Exchange.
  • ASX (2009b) S&P/ASX 200 A-REIT Index Futures. Sydney, Australian Securities Exchange.
  • Benson, K. & Oliver, B. (2004) Management Motivation for Using Financial Derivatives in Australia. Australian Journal of Management, 29 (2), 225–242.
  • Berkman, H., Bradbury, M. E., Hancock, P. & Innes, C. (1997) An Analysis of Disclosures of Derivative Financial Instruments in Australia and New Zealand. Accounting Forum 21 (2), 207–228.
  • Bodnar, G. M., Hayt, G. S. & Marston, R. C. (1996) 1995 Wharton Survey of Derivatives Usage by US Non-financial Firms. Financial Management 25 (4), 113–133.
  • Bouzouita, R. & Young, A. J. (1998) Property/Casualty Insurers’ Use of Financial Derivatives. CPCU Journal, 51 (2), 114–119.
  • Burghardt, G. & Acworth, W. (2009) Annual Volume Survey: 2008 A Wild Ride. Futures Industry, (March 2009), 16–29.
  • Ceuster, M. D., Flanagan, L., Hodgson, A. & Tahir, M. I. (2003) Determinants of Derivative Usage in the Life and General Insurance Industry: The Australian Evidence. Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies, 6 (4), 405–431.
  • Ceuster, M. J. K. D., Durinck, E., Laveren, E. & Lodewyckx, J. (2000) A Survey into the Use of Derivatives by Large Non-financial Firms Operating in Belgium. European Financial Management, 6 (3), 301–318.
  • Clayton, J. (2007) Commercial Real Estate Derivatives: The Developing U.S. Market. Real Estate Issues, (Fall 2007), 33–40.
  • Dhar, R. & Goetzmann, W. N. (2005) Institutional Perspectives on Real Estate Investing: The Role of Risk and Uncertainty. PREA Research,
  • Ertugrul, M., Sezer, O. & Sirmans, C. F. (2008) Financial Leverage, CEO Compensation, and Corporate Hedging: Evidence from Real Estate Investment Trusts. Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 36 53–80.
  • Geczy, C., Minton, B. A. & Schrand, J. C. (1997) Why Firms Use Currency Derivatives. Journal of Finance, 52 (4), 1323–1353.
  • Geltner, D. & Fisher, J. (2007) Pricing and Index Considerations in Commercial Real Estate Derivatives. Journal of Portfolio Management, (Special Issue 2007), 99–118.
  • Heaneya, R. & Winata, H. (2005) Use of Derivatives by Australian Companies. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 13 (4), 411–430.
  • Higgins, D. (2007) Placing Commercial Property in the Australian Capital Market, RICS Research, August 2007, 1–8.
  • Horng, Y.-S. & Wei, P. (1999) An Empirical Study of Derivatives Use in the REIT Industry. Real Estate Economics, 27 (3), 561–586.
  • Hoyt, R. E. (1989) Use of Financial Futures by Life Insurers The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 56 (4), 740–748.
  • IPD (2009) IPD / IPF UK Trade Volume Report. London, IPD.
  • IPF (2010) Getting into Property Derivatives. London, Investment property Forum (IPF).
  • JLL (2007) Property Derivatives: The Next Frontier for Australian Real Estate? Sydney, Jones Lang LaSalle, 1–3.
  • JLL (2008) Investment Case for Australia. Sydney, Jones Lang LaSalle, 1–27.
  • Lecomte, P. (2007) Beyond Index-Based hedging: Can Real Estate Trigger a New Bread of Derivatives Market? Journal of Real Estate Portfolio Management, 13(4), 345–375.
  • Lee, C. L., Reed, R. & Robinson, J. (2008) An Investigation of the Risk Perceptions of Australian Property Fund Managers. Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 14 (2), 199–221.
  • MS (2009) Global Property Pulse: July 2009. London, Macquarie Securities.
  • Mian, S. L. (1996) Evidence on Corporate Hedging Policy. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 31 419–439.
  • Nance, D. R., Smith, C. W. & Smithson, C. W. (1993) On the Determinants of Corporate Hedging. Journal of Finance, 48 (1), 267–284.
  • Newell, G. & MacIntosh, I. (2007) Currency Risk Management Practices by Australian Listed Property Trusts. Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 13 (2), 213–233.
  • Newell, G. & Tan, Y. K. (2004) The Development and Performance of Listed Property Trust Futures. Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 10 (2), 132–145.
  • Nguyen, H. & Faff, R. (2002) On the Determinants of Derivative Usage by Australian Companies. Australian Journal of Management, 27 (1), 1–24.
  • Nguyen, H. & Faff, R. (2003) Further Evidence on the Corporate Use of Derivatives in Australia: The Case of Foreign Currency and Interest Rate Instruments. Australian Journal of Management, 28 (3), 307–317.
  • Ong, S. E. & Ng, K. H. (2009) Developing the Real Estate Derivative Market for Singapore: Issues and Challenges. Journal of Property Investment and Finance, 27 (4), 425–432.
  • PIR (2009) Australian Property Funds Industry Survey 2009. Melbourne, Property Investment Research 1–203.
  • Rogelberg, S. G. & Stanton, J. M. (2007) Introduction: Understanding and Dealing with Organizational Survey Nonresponse. Organizational Research Methods, 10 (2), 195–209.
  • RREEF (2007) Global Real Estate Securities. London, RREEF Real Estate Research.
  • RREEF (2008) Global Real Estate Investment and Performance 2007 and 2008. London, RREEF Real Estate Research, 1–36.
  • Sinkey, J. F. & Carter, D. A. (2000) Evidence on the Financial Characteristics of Banks that do and do not Use Derivatives. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 40 (4), 431–449.